阿里云Linux系统搭建Docker容器部署MySQL【亲测】
一、安装部署Docker容器
第一步：查看系统要求删除旧版本要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10
#查看内核版本
uname -a
#删除旧版本
yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine第二步：安装所需依赖、设置Docker yum源
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 安装驱动依赖
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo #设置docker镜像源第三步：查看所有仓库中所有docker版本并安装
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r # 可以查看所有仓库中所有docker版本,并选择特定的版本安装。
sudo yum install docker-ce # 安装 由于repo中默认只开启stable仓库，故这里安装的是最新稳xxxxx.centos如果要安装特定版本：
sudo yum install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce
第四步：快捷键设置
[root@MrYu Download]# systemctl enable docker 设置为开机启动
[root@MrYu Download]# systemctl start docker 启动
[root@MrYu Download]# systemctl status docker 查看启动状态
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-09-01 12:16:50 CST; 3s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 9967 (dockerd)
Memory: 40.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─9967 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
[root@MrYu Download]# docker version 查看版本
二、Docker下快速安装部署MySQL
第一步：下拉镜像、创建主宿机映射目录
docker pull mysql:5.7 # 下拉安装稳定5.7版本
[root@MrYu /]# docker images #查看本地镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 718a6da099d8 3 weeks ago 448MB
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/logs #创建日志存储目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/data #创建数据存储目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf #创建配置目录
第二步：配置 /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf
vi /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf # 添加以下内容
[mysql]
#设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
#mysql5.7以后的不兼容问题处理
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
#允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
#服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
#创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
#设置时区
default-time_zone='+8:00'
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
# include all files from the config directory
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/第三步：启动容器（登录mysql是一样的）
# 初始化容器 注意修改password
docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true --restart=always -d -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/logs:/logs -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=QINg0201$ mysql:5.7
docker ps -a # 查看容器启动状态
docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash # 进入容器注意：登录mysql密码可跳过密码验证重新创建密码
（初始化容器后进行登录说密码不对报错如下、则忘记密码修改下）
[root@MrYu mysql]# docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true --restart=always -d -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/logs:/logs -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=QINg0201$ mysql:5.7
3e655e926a600615852862caff50cdc6748af582363f142ffd68f22c2af4b7c6
[root@MrYu mysql]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
root@3e655e926a60:/# mysql -uroot -p QINg0201$
mysql: [Warning] skipping '!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/' directive as maximum includerecursion level was reached in file /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf at line 38!
mysql: [Warning] skipping '!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/' directive as maximum includerecursion level was reached in file /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf at line 39!
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
1、修改my.conf
[root@MrYu conf]# vi /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf
#在[mysqld]后面任意一行添加“skip-grant-tables”用来跳过密码验证的过程：
skip-grant-tables
2、再次进入容器、进入mysql
mysql> mysql
mysql> update user set password=password("QINg0201$") where user="root";
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('QINg0201$') where user='root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
3、最后注释掉my.conf中的skip-grant-tables
最后：开放远程连接
允许所有用户可访问
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'QINg0201$' WITH GRANT OPTION;
允许指定Ip用户访问
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user'@'ip_xxx' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
允许指定Ip用户访问指定数据库
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db.* TO 'user'@'ip_xxx' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
别忘记执行刷新配置
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;