在vs mac中基于.Net6 Mvc EFcore生成数据表（mysql版）
脑子抽筋尝试在vs 2022 for mac 版本中编写Mvc应用，真是踩的一堆坑，试了大半天终于将mysql数据库连接配置完成，（基于code firts）
---------------------------环境------------------------------
操作系统：macOS monterey 12.1(M1)
mysql数据库：8.0.28-arm64
开发工具：Visual Studio 2022 for Mac （Preview）（尝鲜。。。bug真多一言难尽哈哈哈哈）
---------------------------------------------------------------
开始溜达起来：
一、创建.NET6 MVC应用
二、导入相关NuGet包
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools
Pomelo.EntityFrameworkCore.MySql三、配置数据连接并迁移
(1)构造数据连接类
新建Data文件夹->文件夹中新增空白类->添加如下代码
using System;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
namespace EFdome.Data
{
//原始生成的类代码
//public class MyDbContext
//{
// public MyDbContext()
// {
// }
//}
//手动改造后的类代码
public class MyDbContext:DbContext
{
public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options):base(options)
{
}
}
}
(2)修改appsettings.json配置类
增加ConnectionStrings
{
"Logging": {
"LogLevel": {
"Default": "Information",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
}
},
"AllowedHosts": "*",
"ConnectionStrings": {
"MySql": "server=localhost;user=root;database=mvcTest;port=3306;password=123456"
}
}
(3)修改Program.cs
注.Net6 生成的MVC应用中Startup.cs已被去掉相关代码以整合到Program.cs中
所以在Program中做如下修改
//新增引用
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using StudentMVC.Data;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
//新增数据库连接读取
builder.Services.AddDbContext<MyDbContext>(options => options.UseMySql(
builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("MySql"),
ServerVersion.AutoDetect(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("MySql"))));
//builder.Services.AddScoped(<DbContext, MyDbContext>);
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
}
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
app.Run();
(4)新增数据表模型
在Models文件夹中新建两个类LoginModel、EmployeeModel
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace EFdome.Models
{
public class LoginModel
{
[Key]
public int ID { get; set; }
[Required]
[Display(Name ="登陆账号")]
public string LoginName { get; set; }
[Display(Name ="登陆密钥")]
public string LoginPwd { get; set; }
[Display(Name ="账号状态")]
public int UserStatus { get; set; }
[Display(Name ="创建时间")]
public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }
[Display(Name ="最近一次登陆时间")]
public DateTime? LoginTime { get; set; }
}
}using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace EFdome.Models
{
public class Employee
{
[Key]
public int ID { get; set; }
[Display(Name ="用户姓名")]
public string UserName { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户性别")]
public string? UserSex { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户年龄")]
public string? UserAge { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户电话")]
public string? UserPhone { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户状态")]
public int UserStatus { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户创建时间")]
public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "用户住址")]
public string? HomePath { get; set; }
}
}
在连接器中注册这两个模型
using System;
using EFdome.Models;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
namespace EFdome.Data
{
//原始生成的类代码
//public class MyDbContext
//{
// public MyDbContext()
// {
// }
//}
//手动改造后的类代码
public class MyDbContext : DbContext
{
public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options) : base(options)
{
}
//在连接器中注册这两个模型
public DbSet<LoginModel> Logins { get; set; }
public DbSet<EmployeeModel> Employees { get; set; }
}
}(5)用过ef工具进行数据迁移
注：在VS for Mac 中包控制器是不能进行输入指令操作的，刚开始不知道真实想到头秃
在VS for Mac 中打开终端通过dotnet指令操作 Path：点击“查看”-》“终端”。
踩坑....VS终端中切换拼音输入法在点击字母输入VS就崩溃了,异常提交地址：
https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E6%9C%89%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98-Typing-using-an-IME-in-the/10042362?space=41&q=244009012输入dotnet指令查看是否安装ef（Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools）
dotnet ef --versioncd 到项目的根目录执行以下指令
dotnet ef migrations add '迁移名称'winkk@wenwenwendeMacBook-Pro ef % dotnet ef migrations add 'EFdome1'
Build started...
Build succeeded.
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure[10403]
Entity Framework Core 6.0.5 initialized 'MyDbContext' using provider 'Pomelo.EntityFrameworkCore.MySql:6.0.1' with options: ServerVersion 8.0.28-mysql
Done. To undo this action, use 'ef migrations remove'出现以上信息证明迁移成功，然后执行数据库更新指令创建对应的表
dotnet ef database updatewinkk@wenwenwendeMacBook-Pro ef % dotnet ef database update
Build started...
Build succeeded.
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure[10403]
Entity Framework Core 6.0.5 initialized 'MyDbContext' using provider 'Pomelo.EntityFrameworkCore.MySql:6.0.1' with options: ServerVersion 8.0.28-mysql
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (19ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='mvcTest' AND TABLE_NAME='__EFMigrationsHistory';
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (22ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
CREATE TABLE `__EFMigrationsHistory` (
`MigrationId` varchar(150) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL,
`ProductVersion` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT `PK___EFMigrationsHistory` PRIMARY KEY (`MigrationId`)
) CHARACTER SET=utf8mb4;
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (4ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='mvcTest' AND TABLE_NAME='__EFMigrationsHistory';
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (4ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT `MigrationId`, `ProductVersion`
FROM `__EFMigrationsHistory`
ORDER BY `MigrationId`;
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations[20402]
Applying migration '20220515095132_EFdome1'.
Applying migration '20220515095132_EFdome1'.
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (5ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
CREATE TABLE `Employees` (
`ID` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`UserName` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL,
`UserSex` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL,
`UserAge` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL,
`UserPhone` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL,
`UserStatus` int NOT NULL,
`CreateTime` datetime(6) NULL,
`HomePath` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL,
CONSTRAINT `PK_Employees` PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) CHARACTER SET=utf8mb4;
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (5ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
CREATE TABLE `Logins` (
`ID` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`LoginName` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL,
`LoginPwd` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL,
`UserStatus` int NOT NULL,
`CreateTime` datetime(6) NULL,
`LoginTime` datetime(6) NULL,
CONSTRAINT `PK_Logins` PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) CHARACTER SET=utf8mb4;
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
INSERT INTO `__EFMigrationsHistory` (`MigrationId`, `ProductVersion`)
VALUES ('20220515095132_EFdome1', '6.0.5');
Done.输出以上信息则会在对应的数据库中生成相应的表（Employess、Logins） 如图所示
